From primary care physicians to cardiologists and dermatologists, explore answers to common questions from verified healthcare experts. Ask your non-emergency health questions and find informed answers from verified doctors like Aaron Baggish, Jordan Metzl, and Katherine Wojnowich. 

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Lara K. Butler, M.D. is a Harvard trained, board-certified Dermatologist and Mohs Micrographic Surgeon. She also specializes in reconstructive and cosmetic surgery. She is a diplomate of the American Academy of Dermatology, and a fellow of the American College of Mohs Surgery and American Society of Dermatological Surgery. Following her Dermatology residency, she completed a fellowship in cutaneous oncology, Mohs micrographic, and reconstructive surgery with the Harvard Medical School Department of Dermatology at the Lahey Medical Center. She has been a researcher at the Johns Hopkins and Mount Sinai Hospitals and has published numerous articles and chapters on skin cancer, scar revision and cosmetic surgery in leading medical journals. She has taught at the Harvard Medical School Department of Dermatology, and is a lecturer on complex reconstruction techniques after Mohs surgery.

Mallika Marshall, MD, is an Emmy-winning journalist and physician. She is Medical Director at WBZ-TV in Boston, and a practicing physician at MGH's Chelsea Urgent Care Clinic and MGH Revere Health Center. Marshall is a Contributing Editor for Harvard Health Publishing and host of HHP's e-learning courses. She has nearly 15 years of media experience. She graduated cum laude from Harvard College and received her medical degree with honors from UCSF. She is a member of the Alpha Omega Alpha Honors Society and various medical associations. She has served on the Board of Trustees for the Urgent Care Foundation and the Board of Directors for Dress for Success Boston. She was an Associate Editor of the Harvard Medical School Family Health Guide.

Katie Morganti Stewart, CNP, MS, is a nurse practitioner in the Cardiovascular Performance Program (CPP) at Massachusetts General Hospital, specializing in the cardiovascular care of athletes and highly active individuals. Katie works closely with patients along the continuum of their care, from initial screening to longitudinal follow-up, and is a program coordinator for the Athletes with Arrhythmias Clinic. Katie completed her Bachelor of Science in Nursing at Boston College and then earned her Master of Science degree at the University of California San Francisco. She is nationally board-certified by the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) as an acute care nurse practitioner. Katie is dedicated to health and wellness, both personally and professionally, with a passion for yoga and cycling. When she is not engaging with patients in the CPP, she delights in spending time with her husband and three young children. 

Dr. Dean Xerras is from the greater Boston area and attended Tufts University, where he majored in Spanish and received his medical degree. He completed his residency at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and currently practices general internal medicine at MGH Chelsea Healthcare Center, where he has been the medical director since 2009. He is also an assistant professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and is active in various committees, including the Partners HealthCare Engagement and Communications team of the NIH's All of Us Research Program. Awarded a National Health Service Corps Scholarship, he is committed to reducing disparities in healthcare delivery, evidenced by his 15 years of service on the Board of Health in Chelsea, MA, where he helped develop stricter tobacco and trans fat regulations.

Infectious Disease Physician, Brigham & Women’s Hospital  

Dr. Cindy Chang is a specialist in primary care sports medicine with almost 3 decades of experience. She has served as head team physician at UC Berkeley, chief medical officer for Team USA in 2008 & 2012 Olympics, and assisted in the WNBA COVID "Wubble." Chang takes an individualized approach to care, seeing athletes of all ages. She is Program Director of UCSF's Primary Care Sports Medicine Fellowship, board of trustees for the American College of Sports Medicine, chairs the Sports Medicine Advisory Committee for the California Interscholastic Federation & National Federation of State High School Associations, and past president of the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine. She earned her medical degree from Ohio State Univ. College of Medicine, followed by a residency in family medicine at UCLA Medical Center & a fellowship in sports medicine at Ohio State Univ. Medical Center.

As a journalist, how do you balance storytelling with facts and research? So I really do my very best before I report something out to the public to verify and triple check the facts. I might go to multiple sources. I might go to the original journal article. I might interview experts in that particular field. And then I have my own sources that I refer to for credible medical information. Because as you know, reporting health news can literally change lives. So it's really important to try to get it right, or as right as you possibly can in that moment. And then of course, I always advise people to check with their own doctors before making any changes to their own health care.

When reporting on health news, I make sure to verify facts from multiple sources and consult with experts in the field. I also advise readers to check with their own doctors before making any changes to their health care.

As a journalist, how do you balance storytelling with facts and research?

Journalist's commitment to accuracy and impact in health reporting.

As a journalist, I prioritize balancing storytelling with facts and research. Before reporting anything to the public, I make sure to thoroughly verify and fact-check the information. This involves consulting multiple sources, including original journal articles and interviews with experts in the relevant field. I also rely on my own trusted sources for credible medical information. When reporting health news specifically, I understand the immense impact it can have on people's lives, so accuracy is crucial. However, it's important to note that individuals should always consult their own doctors before making any changes to their healthcare based on journalistic information.

So how did I get involved with AnyQuestion? Well, it was actually a friend and a colleague who I work with at Mass General who was already involved with the organization and thought that I might make a good contributor. And it's kind of what I do in my other day job. So I agreed to sign on and here I am.

I got involved with AnyQuestion through a friend and colleague who thought I would make a good contributor, as it's similar to what I do in my other day job.

How did you get involved with AnyQuestion? 

From a Friend's Recommendation to Joining AnyQuestion: My Journey

I got involved with AnyQuestion through a friend and colleague at Mass General who was already part of the organization. They thought I would be a good fit and encouraged me to join. Given that it aligns with my expertise in my day job, I agreed to sign on and here I am.

What have been the biggest changes you have seen in the field of pediatric chiropractic? So, first and foremost, from understanding my history, so chiropractic's history, to where it started to where it is now, there's a lot of big changes that obviously have occurred within the pediatric realm of chiropractic care. So first and foremost would be training. So now there's a bunch of different trainings that you can use to better enhance your skills, to be more qualified to take care of infants, toddlers, kiddos with special needs, special gifts, a lot of tough neuro cases as well. So there's definitely more training that is involved. There's a lot more education that is involved. There are a lot of different techniques that have been created to better serve this population and different populations within the pediatric group. There has also been a ton more research. That's a huge change as well from where chiropractic has started to where it is now. And then obviously just people who have walked in the field of pediatric chiropractic as well. So now we have access to better mentors, better coaches, really giants in pediatric chiropractic profession that new chiros, new pediatric chiros are able to stand on those shoulders. So again, the biggest changes for sure is going to be techniques that have been created to better serve this population, training, research, and then also mentors and coaches that we are able and have the opportunity to stand on their shoulders to better serve this population.

The biggest changes in the field of pediatric chiropractic are better training and education, new techniques, more research, and access to mentors and coaches.

What have been the biggest changes you have seen in the field of pediatric chiropractic?

Pediatric Chiropractic: Training, Techniques, Research and Mentorship

The biggest changes I have seen in the field of pediatric chiropractic include significant advancements in training, education, techniques, research, and mentorship. In the past, there were limited training options for chiropractors who wanted to specialize in pediatric care. However, now there are various trainings available to enhance skills and qualify practitioners to provide care for infants, toddlers, children with special needs, and challenging neuro cases. The field has also witnessed the development of different techniques tailored to serve specific pediatric populations. Moreover, there has been a substantial increase in research dedicated to pediatric chiropractic, which has contributed to a better understanding of its effectiveness and benefits. Additionally, new chiropractors entering this field have access to experienced mentors and coaches who can provide guidance and support. These changes have greatly improved the ability of chiropractors to serve the pediatric population with enhanced skills and knowledge.

So, can you fix uneven eyebrows after Botox? Well, usually you can. If you have an experienced injector who knows their anatomy, they can typically see you back to do an assessment to see if they can adjust your frontalis muscle to flatten out one of the brows if it's a spock eyebrow, or inject a little bit into a lateral brow to try to lift it up. So, usually you need to wait two weeks after a treatment. So, I had mine done two weeks ago, and I had about 10 units put into my forehead, and what I see is that my one eyebrow is definitely higher than the other. So, all that needs to be done is a tiny little micro drop of Botox, one unit, two units at the most, in that kind of lateral forehead muscle, lateral frontalis, to then drop that brow so that it can match the other. Most people come in saying that they actually like the brow that's a little bit more elevated, so a different technique would be that you could put a tiny little unit into the brow that's lower to try to give a little lateral brow lift, but in all honesty, in my experience, I think it's easier to treat the frontalis to just lower the one elevated eyebrow instead of trying to lift the other one up. Also, usually that spock brow, when it's really high, it's kind of a giveaway that you have a toxin treatment. So, just make sure you see an injector who knows their anatomy so you can talk through those options. I'm gonna go ahead and treat my frontalis muscle with just one little unit later tonight so that my brows are even for my weekend plans.

Yes, it is usually possible to fix uneven eyebrows after Botox. An experienced injector can assess the situation and decide if it is best to adjust the frontalis muscle or inject a little bit into a lateral brow to try to lift it up. It is also possible to put a tiny unit into the lower brow to give a lateral brow lift, but usually it is easier to lower the one elevated eyebrow instead.

Fixing Uneven Eyebrows After Botox: Expert Advice

Can you fix uneven eyebrows after Botox? Usually, yes. An experienced injector who understands facial anatomy can assess the situation and make adjustments. They may be able to flatten out a Spock eyebrow by adjusting the frontalis muscle or inject a small amount into a lateral brow to lift it.

Typically, you should wait two weeks after the initial treatment before making any adjustments. If one eyebrow appears higher than the other, a tiny micro drop of Botox (one or two units) can be administered into the lateral frontalis muscle to lower the elevated brow and achieve symmetry. Some individuals may actually prefer the slightly elevated brow, in which case a different technique could involve injecting a small unit into the lower brow to create a subtle lateral lift.

In my experience, it's generally easier to treat the frontalis muscle to lower the elevated brow rather than trying to lift the other brow. Additionally, a highly elevated Spock brow can sometimes be a noticeable sign of having received a toxin treatment. It's important to consult with an injector who is knowledgeable about facial anatomy to discuss the available options.

In my case, I plan to treat my frontalis muscle with a single unit later tonight to ensure my brows are even for my weekend plans.

Yes, there are medications that can reduce the risk of breast cancer. These include both selective estrogen receptor modulators like tamoxifen, which block the estrogen receptor, and aromatase inhibitor medications, which reduce the amount of circulating estrogen. Now, aromatase inhibitors only work in postmenopausal women while tamoxifen works regardless of menopausal status.

Yes, there are medications that can reduce the risk of breast cancer, such as tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors.

Are there medications that reduce the risk of breast cancer?

Medications Lower Breast Cancer Risk

Yes, medications exist that can reduce the risk of breast cancer. Two types of medications commonly used for this purpose are selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and aromatase inhibitors.

SERMs, such as tamoxifen, work by blocking the estrogen receptor, thereby reducing the effects of estrogen on breast tissue. Tamoxifen can be effective in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women.

Aromatase inhibitors, on the other hand, are specifically used in postmenopausal women. These medications work by reducing the production of estrogen in the body, thus lowering the overall estrogen levels.

It's important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the most appropriate medication and approach for reducing the risk of breast cancer based on individual factors and medical history.

Hey, it's Dr. Lisa Goodman. Are there any potential side effects associated with chiropractic care? The most common side effects, which as working an event this week at the USGA US Amateur, we're doing sort of more of a pop-up clinic where we are talking to patients and doing fairly abbreviated treatments. It's really important for us to go over the side effects with them and risk factors. So number one, we always evaluate for risk factors. If there's anything a patient maybe shouldn't be getting adjusted, we let them know. So once a healthy patient gets on our table, the main side effects are going to be soreness and maybe headache, but that's pretty rare. So I'd say muscle soreness. That usually comes from the fact that your muscles are just not used to the high-velocity thrust, the quick stretch on the muscle, which also allows for an awesome reset in that muscle tissue. It allows for a lot more joint mobility. So another side effect, actually talking to these amateur but like super elite golfers, is that if they get worked on too much before an event, they end up with too much mobility, end up with too much shoulder mobility, and their balls can be unpredictable where they end up hitting their drives or their even shorter shots because they're not used to having that much mobility. So we're working a lot on making sure that even though most people would see that as a benefit of chiropractic care, increased mobility, depending on the athlete you're working on, it can be a drawback.

The most common side effects of chiropractic care are soreness and headache, although these are rare. It is also important to note that too much mobility can be a drawback for athletes, as it can lead to unpredictable shots.

Are there any potential side effects associated with chiropractic care?

Common side effects of chiropractic care and unexpected drawbacks

Are there potential side effects associated with chiropractic care? As a chiropractor, it's important for me to discuss the side effects and risk factors with patients, especially during events like the USGA US Amateur where we provide abbreviated treatments. First and foremost, we always evaluate for any risk factors that may indicate a patient should not receive adjustments. For healthy patients, the main side effect is typically muscle soreness. This can occur because the muscles are not accustomed to the high-velocity thrust and quick stretch involved in chiropractic adjustments. However, this soreness also allows for a beneficial reset in the muscle tissue and improved joint mobility.

Interestingly, when working with elite golfers or athletes, excessive mobility can be a potential side effect. If an athlete receives too many adjustments before an event, they may experience increased shoulder mobility that can affect their shot accuracy. While increased mobility is generally seen as a benefit of chiropractic care, it's important to consider the specific needs of each athlete.

Overall, common side effects of chiropractic care include muscle soreness and, rarely, headaches. By assessing risk factors and individual patient needs, we can minimize any potential side effects and provide effective care.